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试题答案

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    1、2024百师联盟高三开学摸底联考化学"
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六、D
（2024高二上·衢州期中）Enjoying a juicy watermelon is one of summer's greatest pleasures, particularly when you don't have to avoid any seeds. Indeed, humans have adapted many fruits to be seedless in search of a more pleasant eating experience.
The navel orange (a sweet orange that is usually seedless), for example, came about after a random genetic mutation (随机的基因突变) produced a single branch with seedless fruit long ago. Cuttings of the branch were joined to other trees, and today, all of the world's navel oranges are copies of this original. A similar discovery led to seedless grapes, which are thought to first appear in ancient Rome before making their way to the Americas in the 1870s.
Scientists have a few guesses about why plants might have developed these abilities. For one, plants can hybridize (杂交) more easily than some kinds of animals, and hybridization unlocks the new potential. Even if some combinations don't pan out, researchers have documented examples of "hybrid advantage", in which a hybrid is fitter than either of its parents. Lastly, because the purpose of fruit is to draw animals near to help spread their seeds, parthenocarpy, the production of fruits without fertilization (受精), may ultimately allow trees to produce more fruit at a lower energetic cost if they don't need to make seeds, too.
Regardless of why seedless fruits exist, they represent an interesting thought experiment, according to Stacey Smith, a plant evolutionary biologist at the University of Colorado Boulder. On the one hand, many are unable to continue surviving without human involvement, but on the other hand they're also wildly successful for that same reason. There are very few, if any, wild navel oranges, and yet it's estimated that California will produce 76 million cartons of them this year alone.
"My personal take is that all plants under human care have won in some sense, because they don't have to make more of themselves. We do it for them," Smith told Live Science. "Just because they're not reproducing sexually and making seeds, who cares We will never stop eating watermelons, and being able to make seedless ones just means we eat more watermelons."
32．What is the similarity between the orange and grape mentioned in the text


2.functional　[考查词性转换。空处与protective并列,修饰空后的名词structure,应用形容词形式,故填functional“实用的”。句意:最新的工程技术被应用于创建这种兼具保护性和功能性且还美观的结构。]
3.to give　[考查非谓语动词。空处所在句的谓语动词是open,空处应用非谓语动词。根据语境可知此处表示目的,故填不定式to give。句意:在温暖的日子里,这些萼片会打开以给内部植物(提供)阳光和新鲜空气。]
4.closed　[考查词性转换。空前的stays作系动词,表示“保持”,空处作表语,表示“关闭的”,故应用形容词closed。]
5.walks　[考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,空处在句中作谓语。本句描述了the Silk Route Garden的客观情况,时态用一般现在时;此处时态也可以根据下文中的“contains...guides...offers”判断;主语为第三人称单数。walk在此作动词,walk sb through...意为“带领某人穿过……”,所以填walks。]
6.the　[考查冠词。此处考查固定表达for the first time,意为“第一次”,所以填the。]
7.favourites　[考查名词的数。分析句子结构可知,空处作动词included的宾语,前面的modern Western为定语,所以此处应填名词;根据空后的举例“such as rosemary,lavender and fennel”可知,空处表示复数概念。故填favourites。favourite在此处为可数名词,表示“特别喜爱的事物”。]
8.as　[考查介词。结合语境“该玻璃温室作为当代设计的伟大成就而存在”可知,空处需要填as。]


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【答案】(1)4　(2)ZnS
【解析】一个晶胞中Zn2＋的数目＝1(8个顶点)＋3(6个面心)＝4，S2－的数目＝4(4个体内)。
16．金晶体的最小重复单元(也称晶胞)是面心立方体，即在立方体的8个顶点各有一个金原子，各个面的中心有一个金原子，每个金原子被相邻的晶胞所共用(如图所示)。金原子的直径为d，用NA表示阿伏加德罗常数，M表示金的摩尔质量。
(1)金晶体每个晶胞中含有________个金原子。
(2)如果金原子是钢性球且面对角线上三个小球两两相切，那么一个晶胞的体积为________。
(3)金晶体的密度是________。
【答案】(1)4　(2)2d3　(3)


氧气
领气
2535455565
→浓度%
3447607方80→
浓度%
带火显木条在不同浓度氧气中燃烧情况


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